kubeadm-高可用集群-centos

kubeadm是官方社区推出的一个用于快速部署kubernetes集群的工具。

# 安装要求

在开始之前，部署Kubernetes集群机器需要满足以下几个条件：
- 一台或多台机器，操作系统 CentOS7.x-86_x64
- 硬件配置：2GB或更多RAM，2个CPU或更多CPU，硬盘30GB或更多
- 可以访问外网，需要拉取镜像，如果服务器不能上网，需要提前下载镜像并导入节点
- 禁止swap分区

# 初始化环境
```
master1         192.168.1.51
master2         192.168.1.52
node1           192.168.1.54
node2           192.168.1.55
VIP（虚拟ip）    192.168.1.100
```

## 关闭防火墙
```
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
```

## 关闭selinux
```
setenforce 0
sed -i 's/enforcing/disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
```

## 关闭swap
```
swapoff -a
sed -ri 's/.*swap.*/#&/' /etc/fstab
```

## 根据规划设置主机名
```
hostnamectl set-hostname master01.k8s.io
hostnamectl set-hostname master02.k8s.io
hostnamectl set-hostname node01.k8s.io
hostnamectl set-hostname node02.k8s.io
```

## 在所有机器添加hosts
```
cat >> /etc/hosts << EOF
192.168.1.100  master.k8s.io     k8s-vip
192.168.1.51   master01.k8s.io   master1
192.168.1.52   master02.k8s.io   master2
192.168.1.54   node01.k8s.io     node1
192.168.1.55   node02.k8s.io     node2
EOF
```

## 将桥接IPv4流量传递给iptables
```
cat > /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf << EOF
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
EOF
```

## 立即生效
```
sysctl --system
```

## 时间同步
```
yum install ntpdate -y
ntpdate time.windows.com
```

# master配置高可用

## 所有master节点安装相关包和keepalived
```
yum install -y conntrack-tools libseccomp libtool-ltdl keepalived
```

## master1节点配置
```
cat > /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf <<EOF
! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   router_id k8s
}

vrrp_script check_haproxy {
    script "killall -0 haproxy"
    interval 3
    weight -2
    fall 10
    rise 2
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state MASTER 
    interface ens33 
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 250
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass ceb1b3ec013d66163d6ab
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.1.100
    }
    track_script {
        check_haproxy
    }

}
EOF
```

## master1节点配置
```
cat > /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf <<EOF 
! Configuration File for keepalived

global_defs {
   router_id k8s
}

vrrp_script check_haproxy {
    script "killall -0 haproxy"
    interval 3
    weight -2
    fall 10
    rise 2
}

vrrp_instance VI_1 {
    state BACKUP 
    interface ens33 
    virtual_router_id 51
    priority 200
    advert_int 1
    authentication {
        auth_type PASS
        auth_pass ceb1b3ec013d66163d6ab
    }
    virtual_ipaddress {
        192.168.1.100
    }
    track_script {
        check_haproxy
    }

}
EOF
```

## 启动和检查

在两台master节点都执行

```
systemctl enable --now keepalived.service
systemctl status keepalived.service
ip a
```
## 所有master节点安装haproxy

## 安装haproxy

```
yum install -y haproxy
```

## 配置haproxy

两台master节点的配置均相同，配置中声明了后端代理的两个master节点服务器，指定了haproxy运行的端口为16443等，因此16443端口为集群的入口

```
cat > /etc/haproxy/haproxy.cfg << EOF
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# Global settings
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
global
    # to have these messages end up in /var/log/haproxy.log you will
    # need to:
    # 1) configure syslog to accept network log events.  This is done
    #    by adding the '-r' option to the SYSLOGD_OPTIONS in
    #    /etc/sysconfig/syslog
    # 2) configure local2 events to go to the /var/log/haproxy.log
    #   file. A line like the following can be added to
    #   /etc/sysconfig/syslog
    #
    #    local2.*                       /var/log/haproxy.log
    #
    log         127.0.0.1 local2
    
    chroot      /var/lib/haproxy
    pidfile     /var/run/haproxy.pid
    maxconn     4000
    user        haproxy
    group       haproxy
    daemon 
       
    # turn on stats unix socket
    stats socket /var/lib/haproxy/stats
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# common defaults that all the 'listen' and 'backend' sections will
# use if not designated in their block
#---------------------------------------------------------------------  
defaults
    mode                    http
    log                     global
    option                  httplog
    option                  dontlognull
    option http-server-close
    option forwardfor       except 127.0.0.0/8
    option                  redispatch
    retries                 3
    timeout http-request    10s
    timeout queue           1m
    timeout connect         10s
    timeout client          1m
    timeout server          1m
    timeout http-keep-alive 10s
    timeout check           10s
    maxconn                 3000
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# kubernetes apiserver frontend which proxys to the backends
#--------------------------------------------------------------------- 
frontend kubernetes-apiserver
    mode                 tcp
    bind                 *:16443
    option               tcplog
    default_backend      kubernetes-apiserver    
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# round robin balancing between the various backends
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
backend kubernetes-apiserver
    mode        tcp
    balance     roundrobin
    server      master01.k8s.io   192.168.1.51:6443 check
    server      master02.k8s.io   192.168.1.52:6443 check
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
# collection haproxy statistics message
#---------------------------------------------------------------------
listen stats
    bind                 *:1080
    stats auth           admin:awesomePassword
    stats refresh        5s
    stats realm          HAProxy\ Statistics
    stats uri            /admin?stats
EOF
```

## 两台master都启动和检查

```
systemctl enable --now haproxy
systemctl status haproxy
```

## 检查端口
```
netstat -lntup|grep haproxy
```

# 所有节点安装Docker/kubeadm/kubelet

Kubernetes默认CRI（容器运行时）为Docker，因此先安装Docker。

## 安装Docker
```
wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
yum -y install docker-ce-18.06.1.ce-3.el7
systemctl enable --now docker
docker --version
```
## 设置docker加速

```
cat > /etc/docker/daemon.json << EOF
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://b9pmyelo.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF
```

## 添加阿里云YUM软件源

```
cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo << EOF
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF
```

## 安装kubeadm，kubelet和kubectl

由于版本更新频繁，这里指定版本号部署：

```
$ yum install -y kubelet-1.16.3 kubeadm-1.16.3 kubectl-1.16.3
$ systemctl enable kubelet
```

# master初始化

在具有vip的master上操作，这里为master1

## 创建kubeadm配置文件
```
mkdir /usr/local/kubernetes/manifests -p

cd /usr/local/kubernetes/manifests/

vim  kubeadm-config.yaml

apiServer:
  certSANs:
    - master1
    - master2
    - master.k8s.io
    - 192.168.44.158
    - 192.168.44.155
    - 192.168.44.156
    - 127.0.0.1
  extraArgs:
    authorization-mode: Node,RBAC
  timeoutForControlPlane: 4m0s
apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta1
certificatesDir: /etc/kubernetes/pki
clusterName: kubernetes
controlPlaneEndpoint: "master.k8s.io:16443"
controllerManager: {}
dns: 
  type: CoreDNS
etcd:
  local:    
    dataDir: /var/lib/etcd
imageRepository: registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
kind: ClusterConfiguration
kubernetesVersion: v1.16.3
networking: 
  dnsDomain: cluster.local  
  podSubnet: 10.244.0.0/16
  serviceSubnet: 10.1.0.0/16
scheduler: {}
```

## 在master1节点执行
```
kubeadm init --config kubeadm-config.yaml
```

## 按照提示配置环境变量，使用kubectl工具：
```
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
```
```
kubectl get nodes
```
```
kubectl get pods -n kube-system
```

## 加入集群

按照提示保存以下内容，一会要使用：**

```bash
kubeadm join master.k8s.io:16443 --token jv5z7n.3y1zi95p952y9p65 \
    --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:403bca185c2f3a4791685013499e7ce58f9848e2213e27194b75a2e3293d8812 \
    --control-plane
```

## 查看集群状态

```
kubectl get cs
kubectl get pods -n kube-system
```

# 安装集群网络

从官方地址获取到flannel的yaml，在master1上执行

## 安装flannel网络

```
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
```

## 查看

```
kubectl get pods -n kube-system
```

# master2节点加入集群

## 复制密钥及相关文件

从master1复制密钥及相关文件到master2
```
ssh root@192.168.1.52 mkdir -p /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd
scp /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf root@192.168.1.52:/etc/kubernetes
scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/{ca.*,sa.*,front-proxy-ca.*} root@192.168.1.52:/etc/kubernetes/pki
scp /etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd/ca.* root@192.168.1.52:/etc/kubernetes/pki/etcd
```

## master2加入集群

执行在master1上init后输出的join命令,需要带上参数`--control-plane`表示把master控制节点加入集群
```
kubeadm join master.k8s.io:16443 --token ckf7bs.30576l0okocepg8b     --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:19afac8b11182f61073e254fb57b9f19ab4d798b70501036fc69ebef46094aba --control-plane
```
## 检查状态
```
kubectl get node
kubectl get pods --all-namespaces
```

# 加入Kubernetes Node

在node1上执行，向集群添加新节点，执行在kubeadm init输出的kubeadm join命令：

```
kubeadm join master.k8s.io:16443 --token ckf7bs.30576l0okocepg8b     --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:19afac8b11182f61073e254fb57b9f19ab4d798b70501036fc69ebef46094aba
```

**集群网络重新安装，因为添加了新的node节点**

## 检查状态
```
kubectl get node
kubectl get pods --all-namespaces
```

# 测试kubernetes集群

在Kubernetes集群中创建一个pod，验证是否正常运行：

```
kubectl create deployment nginx --image=nginx
```
```
kubectl expose deployment nginx --port=80 --type=NodePort
```
```
kubectl get pod,svc
```

访问地址：http://NodeIP:Port